Yakhiyayeva, Tansholpan2019-07-092019-07-092019Yakhiyayeva, Tansholpan (2019)Knowledge about health risks of hookah smoking among hookah servers. A mixed-method study.Nazarbayev University School of Medicine.http://nur.nu.edu.kz/handle/123456789/3947In recent years there was a sharp proliferation of hookah cafes in Kazakhstan. International fashion, originally coming from the Middle East and through other Central Asian states in the south of Kazakhstan very quickly attracted a lot of young people. This new fashion correlated with the decrease of cigarette smoking. A lot of people saw hookah as a safe alternative to cigarette smoking and this added to their popularity. The whole process was taking place despite the legal restrictions on smoking hookahs. They are at place not without a purpose, because a common belief that hookah is safe is actually wrong. In fact, studies show that hookah smoking is no less harmful than cigarette smoking. These risks may be unknown to the general public and for those who do not smoke hookah a lot. However, unlike cigarettes or many other types of tobacco use, hookah require a special preparation, which involves puffing. In hookah cafes, usually this is the job of a separate specialist – a hookah server. If the general public does not necessarily smoke hookah a lot, these specialists are putting themselves at a constant risk by working with hookah all the time. But what do these people know about the potential health risks? Are they informed about the various risks that they face? This study aims to investigate these questions....enAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United StatesMaster's thesis