MRI-BASED STUDY OF VARIOUS COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Date
2020
Authors
Kossumov, Alibek
Supiyev, Adil
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International conference "MODERN PERSPECTIVES FOR BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES: FROM BENCH TO BEDSIDE”; National Laboratory Astana
Abstract
Introduction: Clinical and diagnostic criteria for cognitive impairments are based neurophysiological
tests or the presence of a history of vascular disease and stroke following the MRI scan.
Materials and methods: The clinical data of 497 respondents collected in the form of standardized
questionnaires and protocol, MRI data were examined. Respondents were divided by age groups (50-
54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-75) with approximately the same sex ratio in each group. Cognitive function
was evaluated according to the results of neurophysiological tests. Verbal memory was evaluated by
reminding a list of 10 nouns. Immediate recall was evaluated using correctly recalled words summarized
over 3 consecutive 1-minute trials (range 0-30). Delayed feedback was evaluated after the interval during
which other cognitive tests were introduced (range 0-10). Fluency was assessed by the number of animals
named by the respondents within 1minute. To assess attention, mental speed and concentration,
participants were instructed to cross out two target letters embedded in a random letter grid, as quickly
and accurately as possible, within 1minute (range 0-65). Brain MRI was performed with cognitive test.
Results: When analyzing the assessment of verbal memory (range 0-30), the gradient of memory decline
after 59 years per 1word was clearly expressed. The analysis of verbal fluency and the assessment
of attention and concentration also showed a decrease in memory (1-2words less in each subsequent
age group). According to the results of the final stage of testing, there was a tendency to decrease in the
activity of long-term memory of both sexes with increasing age (more in men than in women). According
to the MRI results, the respondents with the lowest cognitive function test results showed a picture of
white matter lesion in the form of multiple foci of ischemia and local postischemic nodules, which might
indicate the progression of dementia.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, a correlation was revealed, with increasing age, the
concentration of attention, memory decreases and cognitive impairment develops due to damage to the
white matter of the brain due to ischemia, which can lead to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Description
Keywords
cognitive function, cognitive impairment, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Research Subject Categories::MEDICINE